{"id":2955,"date":"2023-08-08T20:54:23","date_gmt":"2023-08-08T18:54:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/frontlavicovejmladeze.sk\/?page_id=2955"},"modified":"2026-06-09T10:58:42","modified_gmt":"2026-06-09T08:58:42","slug":"vyvoj-socializmu-od-utopie-k-vede","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/smefront.org\/en\/vzdelavanie\/vyvoj-socializmu-od-utopie-k-vede\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdvoj socializmu od ut\u00f3pie k vede"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2955\" class=\"elementor elementor-2955\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-73a9e6a elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"73a9e6a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6ccfa83\" data-id=\"6ccfa83\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d84f5c elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8d84f5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><i>\u201cK\u00fdm sa br\u00e1nime pochopeniu ich povahy, <br>dovtedy sa tieto sily presadzuj\u00fa navzdory n\u00e1m, proti n\u00e1m.\u201d<\/i><\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46097dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"46097dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00fdvoj socializmu od ut\u00f3pie k vede<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b473f44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b473f44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><i>Friedrich Engels<\/i><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fd6c927 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fd6c927\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-37ca54f\" data-id=\"37ca54f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-723707b elementor-icon-list--layout-inline elementor-align-center elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"723707b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items elementor-inline-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/smefront.org\/vzdelavanie\/\/vyvoj-socializmu-od-utopie-k-vede#1\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-star\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">I. Utopick\u00fd socializmus<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/smefront.org\/vzdelavanie\/vyvoj-socializmu-od-utopie-k-vede#2\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-star\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">II. Dialektika<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/smefront.org\/vzdelavanie\/vyvoj-socializmu-od-utopie-k-vede#3\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-star\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M259.3 17.8L194 150.2 47.9 171.5c-26.2 3.8-36.7 36.1-17.7 54.6l105.7 103-25 145.5c-4.5 26.3 23.2 46 46.4 33.7L288 439.6l130.7 68.7c23.2 12.2 50.9-7.4 46.4-33.7l-25-145.5 105.7-103c19-18.5 8.5-50.8-17.7-54.6L382 150.2 316.7 17.8c-11.7-23.6-45.6-23.9-57.4 0z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">III. Historick\u00fd materializmus<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fde3de8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fde3de8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4da6603\" data-id=\"4da6603\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-263cea0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"263cea0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb60c3e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fb60c3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">O texte<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d62c7b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d62c7b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Socializmus je utopick\u00fd model spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00fd je \u00faplne odtrhnut\u00fd od reality. To n\u00e1m vrav\u00ed mainstream. Len\u017ee tak tomu nie je u\u017e aspo\u0148 250 rokov. V jeho pamflete V\u00fdvoj socializmu od ut\u00f3pie k vede Engels vysvet\u013euje rozdiel medzi utopick\u00fdm socializmom a socializmom vedeck\u00fdm, ktor\u00fd dnes vol\u00e1me marxizmus (\u010di marxizmus-leninizmus).<\/p><p>Ak\u00fd je teda rozdiel medzi naivn\u00fdm utopick\u00fdm a vedeck\u00fdm ch\u00e1pan\u00edm socializmu? \u010co h\u00fdbe dejinami &#8211; velik\u00e1ni, alebo ekonomick\u00e9 z\u00e1kony? A \u010do je dialektick\u00fd \u010di historick\u00fd materializmus? Aj na tieto ot\u00e1zky n\u00e1jdete odpove\u010f pr\u00e1ve v tomto diele jedn\u00e9ho zo zakladate\u013eov marxizmu.<\/p><p>Pamflet <strong>V\u00fdvoj socializmu od ut\u00f3pie k vede<\/strong> je v skuto\u010dnosti ve\u013emi okresanou verziou knihy <strong>Vedeck\u00fd prevrat p\u00e1na Eugena D\u00fchringa<\/strong>, v ktorej Friedrich Engels systematizuje a sk\u00fama spolo\u010densk\u00e9 a pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 vedy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8820f71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8820f71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00fdvoj socializmu v \u010deskom jazyku n\u00e1jdete <a href=\"https:\/\/studovna.smefront.org\/Engels-Socialism-Utopian_and_Scientific-CZ.pdf\">v PDF tu.<\/a><\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a65112 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4a65112\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;xMidYMid meet&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 120 26&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3Cpolygon points=&#039;0,14.4 0,21 11.5,12.4 21.3,20 30.4,11.1 40.3,20 51,12.4 60.6,20 69.6,11.1 79.3,20 90.1,12.4 99.6,20 109.7,11.1 120,21 120,14.4 109.7,5 99.6,13 90.1,5 79.3,14.5 71,5.7 60.6,12.4 51,5 40.3,14.5 31.1,5 21.3,13 11.5,5 \t&#039;\/%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ecf6fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3ecf6fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Na tejto str\u00e1nke n\u00e1jdete ot\u00e1zky (a odpovede), na ktor\u00e9 sa oplat\u00ed upriami\u0165 pozornos\u0165 pri \u010d\u00edtan\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch kapitol. Sna\u017eili sme sa vybra\u0165 ot\u00e1zky, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pre pochopenie hlavn\u00fdch my\u0161lienok, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 aj tak\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa relevantn\u00e9 pre n\u00e1s dnes.\n\n<br><br>Sprievodcov k \u010fal\u0161\u00edm textom marxistickej klasiky <a href=\"https:\/\/smefront.org\/citatelsky-klub\/\">n\u00e1jdete tu<\/a>.<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61596ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"61596ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3797ca4 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"3797ca4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6b5c8ea\" data-id=\"6b5c8ea\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1804b34 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1804b34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sprievodca textom<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-83cf174 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"83cf174\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" id=\"#1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4629fdb\" data-id=\"4629fdb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1714b05 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"1714b05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;xMidYMid meet&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 120 26&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3Cpolygon points=&#039;0,14.4 0,21 11.5,12.4 21.3,20 30.4,11.1 40.3,20 51,12.4 60.6,20 69.6,11.1 79.3,20 90.1,12.4 99.6,20 109.7,11.1 120,21 120,14.4 109.7,5 99.6,13 90.1,5 79.3,14.5 71,5.7 60.6,12.4 51,5 40.3,14.5 31.1,5 21.3,13 11.5,5 \t&#039;\/%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2626ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b2626ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">I. Utopick\u00fd socializmus<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cb575f elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"6cb575f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1131\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1131\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">S\u00fa my\u0161lienky osvietenstva (sloboda, rovnos\u0165, bratstvo) absol\u00fatne - je ich v\u00fdznam pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho a v\u017edy rovnak\u00fd?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1131\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1131\"><p>Engels jasne dokazuje relat\u00edvnos\u0165 pojmov, hesiel, ideologick\u00fdch vysvetlen\u00ed materi\u00e1lnej reality: sloboda franc\u00fazskych revolucion\u00e1rov bola slobodou pre bur\u017eo\u00e1ziu, rovnos\u0165 bola rovnos\u0165ou na trhu, bratstvo bolo solidaritou bur\u017eo\u00e1znej triedy<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1132\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1132\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Pre\u010do nemohli ran\u00ed socialisti vyt\u00fd\u010di\u0165 spr\u00e1vne ciele a met\u00f3dy? V \u010dom Saint-Simon identifikoval hlavn\u00fd rozpor v spolo\u010dnosti a pre\u010do ho identifikoval nespr\u00e1vne?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1132\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1132\"><p>Pre nezrelos\u0165 novej ekonomickej z\u00e1kladne nebolo mo\u017en\u00e9 (vtedy, s vtedaj\u0161\u00edmi sk\u00fasenos\u0165ami) ch\u00e1pa\u0165, k ak\u00fdm zmen\u00e1m doch\u00e1dza &#8211; <em>\u201cnezrelosti syst\u00e9mu zodpovedala nezrelos\u0165 te\u00f3ri\u00ed\u201d.<\/em><\/p><p>Saint-Simon tak na z\u00e1klade dojmov z reakcie proti bur\u017eo\u00e1znej revol\u00facii nespr\u00e1vne identifikoval hlavn\u00fd rozpor (prim\u00e1rnu kontradikciu) &#8211; myslel si, \u017ee kapitalisti a prolet\u00e1ri maj\u00fa jednotne bojova\u0165 proti star\u00fdm stavom a vytvori\u0165 harmonick\u00fd celok. Na druhej strane spr\u00e1vne vyslovuje t\u00e9zu, \u017ee h\u00fdbate\u013eom dej\u00edn je ekonomika.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1133\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1133\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Pre\u010do strat\u00e9gia Roberta Owensa v kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku zlyhala, napriek dobr\u00fdm prvotn\u00fdm v\u00fdsledkom?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1133\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1133\"><p>Robert Owens ako ve\u013ekopodnikate\u013e vytv\u00e1ral komunistick\u00e9 experimenty, dok\u00e1zal, \u017ee zlep\u0161enie fyzick\u00fdch podmienok a odbremenie \u010dloveka zlep\u0161uje kvalitu \u017eivota i hodnotu ich pr\u00e1ce.<\/p><p>Pri pokusoch komunizmus preda\u0165 ako rie\u0161enie \u00edrskej ot\u00e1zky ale narazil na odpor \u201cofici\u00e1lnej spolo\u010dnosti\u201d, na ktorej bohatstve by Owensov model finan\u010dne a materi\u00e1lne z\u00e1visel. T\u00e1 by toti\u017eto stratila svoje mocensk\u00e9 postavenie.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-097a41d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"097a41d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5>\u010eal\u0161ie ot\u00e1zky<\/h5><ul><li aria-level=\"1\">Pre\u010do liberalizmus sklamal \u0161irok\u00e9 masy?<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">\u010c\u00edm s\u00fa v kapitalizme sprostredkovan\u00e9 medzi\u013eudsk\u00e9 vz\u0165ahy (porovnaj s feudalizmom)<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">Ktor\u00fd Saint-Simonov poznatok je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou marxizmu dodnes?<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">Pova\u017euje Engels komunizmus za hotov\u00fd stav spolo\u010dnosti? A \u010do Robert Owens?<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d0ad87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"9d0ad87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-85fe161 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"85fe161\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" id=\"2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0232028\" data-id=\"0232028\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-862ada9 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"862ada9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;xMidYMid meet&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 120 26&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3Cpolygon points=&#039;0,14.4 0,21 11.5,12.4 21.3,20 30.4,11.1 40.3,20 51,12.4 60.6,20 69.6,11.1 79.3,20 90.1,12.4 99.6,20 109.7,11.1 120,21 120,14.4 109.7,5 99.6,13 90.1,5 79.3,14.5 71,5.7 60.6,12.4 51,5 40.3,14.5 31.1,5 21.3,13 11.5,5 \t&#039;\/%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ec8d3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3ec8d3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">II. Dialektika<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed9a8c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"ed9a8c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2491\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2491\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">S\u00fa (vedeck\u00e9) kateg\u00f3rie prirodzen\u00e9, alebo umelo vytvoren\u00e9? Pre\u010do s nimi veda nar\u00e1ba?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2491\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2491\"><p>Veda vytvorila kateg\u00f3rie, ktor\u00e9 zjednodu\u0161uj\u00fa vedeck\u00e9 sk\u00famanie, no pokia\u013e sa nezaober\u00e1 rozpormi vn\u00fatri t\u00fdchto kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed a vz\u0165ahmi medzi kateg\u00f3riami, doch\u00e1dza k obmedzenosti poznania a doch\u00e1dza k otupeniu filozofie.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2492\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2492\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">S\u00fa veci v r\u00e1mci kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed homog\u00e9nne a bez rozporov? M\u00f4\u017eu sa kateg\u00f3rie meni\u0165 obsahom a podstatou?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2492\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2492\"><p><i>\u201cLen\u017ee zdrav\u00fd \u013eudsk\u00fd rozum je \u00factyhodn\u00fd chlap\u00edk v dom\u00e1com prostred\u00ed, ale akon\u00e1hle sa pust\u00ed do \u0161\u00edreho sveta b\u00e1dania, zak\u00fa\u0161a prapodivn\u00e9 dobrodru\u017estv\u00e1. &#8230;<br \/><\/i><\/p><p><em>&#8230; Be\u017ene napr\u00edklad vieme a m\u00f4\u017eeme s istotou <\/em><em>poveda\u0165, \u010di nejak\u00fd \u017eivo\u010d\u00edch existuje alebo nie; ale pri bli\u017e\u0161om sk\u00faman\u00ed zist\u00edme, \u017ee je to <\/em><em>\u010dastokr\u00e1t krajne spletit\u00e1 vec, ako to ve\u013emi dobre vedia pr\u00e1vnici, ktor\u00ed sa m\u00e1rne plaho\u010dili, aby <\/em><em>objavili nejak\u00fa racion\u00e1lnu hranicu, za ktorou je usmrtenie die\u0165a\u0165a v matkinom tele vra\u017eda; <\/em><em>a rovnako nemo\u017en\u00e9 je stanovi\u0165 okamih smrti, ke\u010f\u017ee fyziol\u00f3gia dokazuje, \u017ee smr\u0165 nie je <\/em><em>udalos\u0165, ku ktorej doch\u00e1dza naraz, okam\u017eite, ale je to ve\u013emi zd\u013ahav\u00fd proces.&#8220;<\/em> (s. 13)<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2493\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2493\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Ako dialektika men\u00ed filozofiu, vedu a ich vz\u00e1jomn\u00fd vz\u0165ah?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2493\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2493\"><p>Hegelov syst\u00e9m spravil z filozofie-odboru filozofick\u00fd n\u00e1stroj, met\u00f3du sk\u00famania sveta a spolo\u010dnosti.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2494\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2494\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u010co je h\u00fdbate\u013eom \u013eudsk\u00fdch dej\u00edn a z \u010doho tento pohyb vypl\u00fdva? <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2494\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2494\"><p>Sk\u00faman\u00edm dej\u00edn dialekticky zis\u0165ujeme, \u017ee spolo\u010dnos\u0165 sa vyv\u00edja a \u017ee h\u00fdbate\u013eom tohto v\u00fdvoja je triedny boj vypl\u00edvaj\u00faci v kapitalizme z vykoris\u0165ovania &#8211; extrakcie nadhodnoty &#8211; a tak mo\u017eno vznik komunizmu ako ideol\u00f3gie (alebo aj in\u00fdch smerov) priradi\u0165 tomuto boju a nie n\u00e1hode a genialite jednotlivcov.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abf85cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"abf85cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5>\u010eal\u0161ie ot\u00e1zky<\/h5><ul><li aria-level=\"1\">V \u010dom sa l\u00ed\u0161i dialektika od idealistick\u00fdch filozofick\u00fdch smerov? Pre\u010do je rig\u00eddne ch\u00e1panie sveta obmedzen\u00e9?<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">V \u010dom bol pod\u013ea Engelsa hlavn\u00fd pr\u00ednos Hegela pre nazeranie na svet?<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0f636c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c0f636c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-df9c4b0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"df9c4b0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" id=\"3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f165003\" data-id=\"f165003\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-921a445 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"921a445\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;xMidYMid meet&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 120 26&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3Cpolygon points=&#039;0,14.4 0,21 11.5,12.4 21.3,20 30.4,11.1 40.3,20 51,12.4 60.6,20 69.6,11.1 79.3,20 90.1,12.4 99.6,20 109.7,11.1 120,21 120,14.4 109.7,5 99.6,13 90.1,5 79.3,14.5 71,5.7 60.6,12.4 51,5 40.3,14.5 31.1,5 21.3,13 11.5,5 \t&#039;\/%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e3c1dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7e3c1dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">III. Historick\u00fd materializmus<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c505aa0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"c505aa0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2061\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2061\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u010co sa mysl\u00ed pod tvrden\u00edm, \u017ee dejinami h\u00fdbu zmeny v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov? Pop\u00ed\u0161 na pr\u00edklade prechodu od feudalizmu ku kapitalizmu.<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2061\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2061\"><p>Remeslo a manufakt\u00fary nahradili cechy a nevo\u013en\u00edctvo, remeslo a manufakt\u00fary nahradil priemysel &#8211; ka\u017ed\u00e1 zmena vo v\u00fdrobe \u010dasom poprie samu seba.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2062\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2062\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 rysy a piliere kapitalizmu? Pre\u010do je nevyhnutn\u00e9 pozna\u0165 podstatu kapitalizmu, resp. jeho z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 rysy?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2062\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2062\"><ol><li>s\u00fakromn\u00e9 vlastn\u00edctvo so zospolo\u010dnenou v\u00fdrobou;<\/li><li>n\u00e1mezdn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca ako dominantn\u00e1 forma \u201codmeny\u201d a zov\u0161eobecnen\u00e1 komoditn\u00e1 v\u00fdroba;<\/li><li>anarchia trhu;<\/li><\/ol><p>Z t\u00fdchto rysov nevyhnutne vych\u00e1dza konflikt medzi triedami bur\u017eo\u00e1zie a pracuj\u00facich.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2063\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2063\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u010co znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u201czmena poprie samu seba\u201d? Ako sa toto prejavuje v kapitalizme?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2063\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2063\"><p>Fourier: &#8222;<em>[N]adbytok sa st\u00e1va zdrojom n\u00fadze a nedostatku.&#8220; <\/em>(s. 25)<em><br \/><\/em><\/p><p><em>&#8222;V trustoch sa slobodn\u00e1 konkurencia zvrh\u00e1va v monopol, nepl\u00e1novit\u00e1 v\u00fdroba kapitalistickej spolo\u010dnosti kapituluje pred pl\u00e1novitou v\u00fdrobou nadch\u00e1dzaj\u00facej socialistickej spolo\u010dnosti. Sprvu v\u0161ak e\u0161te k \u00fa\u017eitku a prospechu kapitalistov.&#8220;<\/em> (s. 25)<\/p><p><em>&#8222;T\u00fd<\/em><em>m, \u017ee kapitalistick\u00fd v\u00fdrobn\u00fd sp\u00f4sob premie\u0148a \u010d\u00edm \u010falej t\u00fdm v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie mno\u017estvo obyvate\u013estva <\/em><em>v prolet\u00e1rov, vytv\u00e1ra moc, ktor\u00e1 je n\u00faten\u00e1 vykona\u0165 tento prevrat pod trestom z\u00e1niku.&#8220;<\/em> (s. 27)<em><br \/><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abc13dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"abc13dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5>\u010eal\u0161ie ot\u00e1zky<\/h5><ul><li aria-level=\"1\">\u010co je historick\u00fd materializmus? Ak\u00fa \u00falohu pod\u013ea historick\u00e9ho materializmu hr\u00e1 v dejinnom v\u00fdvoji (\u201cgeni\u00e1lny\u201d) jednotlivec?<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">Mo\u017eno revolu\u010dn\u00e9 zmeny zav\u00e1dza\u0165 pod\u013ea \u013eubov\u00f4le? Pre\u010do \u00e1no\/nie?<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">Porovnaj Leninov spis\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/frontlavicovejmladeze.sk\/citatelsky-klub\/stat-a-revolucia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0160t\u00e1t a revol\u00facia<\/a> s touto kapitolou.<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">Engels spis ukon\u010duje zd\u00f4raz\u0148ovan\u00edm \u201coslobodenia\u201d. M\u00e1 na mysli pozit\u00edvnu, \u010di negat\u00edvnu slobodu &#8211; \u201cslobodu k\u201d alebo \u201cslobodu od\u201d? Ktor\u00e1 sloboda je prednej\u0161ia (v historickom a materi\u00e1lnom kontexte)? Existuje hierarchick\u00fd vz\u0165ah medzi t\u00fdmito slobodami? (pre in\u0161pir\u00e1ciu vi\u010f kateg\u00f3riu Re\u00e1lne existuj\u00faci socializmus v <a href=\"https:\/\/akademia.socialisti.sk\/kniznica\/\">kni\u017enici<\/a> Socialistickej akad\u00e9mie)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b178d0d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"b178d0d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cK\u00fdm sa br\u00e1nime pochopeniu ich povahy, dovtedy sa tieto sily presadzuj\u00fa navzdory n\u00e1m, proti n\u00e1m.\u201d V\u00fdvoj socializmu od ut\u00f3pie k [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":3184,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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